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ipf (ADMP)




NAME

     ipf - packet filtering kernel interface


SYNOPSIS

     #include <netinet/ip_compat.h>
     #include <netinet/ip_fil.h>


IOCTLS

     To add and delete rules to the filter  list,  three  'basic'
     ioctls are provided for use.  The ioctl's are called as:

          ioctl(fd, SIOCADDFR, struct frentry **)
          ioctl(fd, SIOCDELFR, struct frentry **)
          ioctl(fd, SIOCIPFFL, int *)

     However, the full complement is as follows:

          ioctl(fd, SIOCADAFR, struct frentry **) (same as SIOCADDFR)
          ioctl(fd, SIOCRMAFR, struct frentry **) (same as SIOCDELFR)
          ioctl(fd, SIOCADIFR, struct frentry **)
          ioctl(fd, SIOCRMIFR, struct frentry **)
          ioctl(fd, SIOCINAFR, struct frentry **)
          ioctl(fd, SIOCINIFR, struct frentry **)
          ioctl(fd, SIOCSETFF, u_int *)
          ioctl(fd, SIOGGETFF, u_int *)
          ioctl(fd, SIOCGETFS, struct friostat **)
          ioctl(fd, SIOCIPFFL, int *)
          ioctl(fd, SIOCIPFFB, int *)
          ioctl(fd, SIOCSWAPA, u_int *)
          ioctl(fd, SIOCFRENB, u_int *)
          ioctl(fd, SIOCFRSYN, u_int *)
          ioctl(fd, SIOCFRZST, struct friostat **)
          ioctl(fd, SIOCZRLST, struct frentry **)
          ioctl(fd, SIOCAUTHW, struct fr_info **)
          ioctl(fd, SIOCAUTHR, struct fr_info **)
          ioctl(fd, SIOCATHST, struct fr_authstat **)

     The variations, SIOCADAFR vs. SIOCADIFR, allow operation  on
     the  two  lists,  active and inactive, respectively.  All of
     these ioctl's are implemented as being  routing  ioctls  and
     thus  the  same rules for the various routing ioctls and the
     file descriptor are employed, mainly being that the fd  must
     be  that  of  the  device  associated with the module (i.e.,
     /dev/ipl).

     The three groups of ioctls above perform adding rules to the
     end  of the list (SIOCAD*), deletion of rules from any place
     in the list (SIOCRM*) and insertion of a rule into the  list
     (SIOCIN*).   The  rule  place  into  which it is inserted is
     stored in the "fr_hits" field, below.

     typedef struct  frentry {
             struct  frentry *fr_next;
             u_short fr_group;       /* group to which this rule belongs */
             u_short fr_grhead;      /* group # which this rule starts */
             struct  frentry *fr_grp;
             int     fr_ref;         /* reference count - for grouping */
             void    *fr_ifa;
     #if BSD >= 199306
             void    *fr_oifa;
     #endif
             /*
              * These are only incremented when a packet  matches this rule and
              * it is the last match
              */
             U_QUAD_T        fr_hits;
             U_QUAD_T        fr_bytes;
             /*
              * Fields after this may not change whilst in the kernel.
              */
             struct  fr_ip   fr_ip;
             struct  fr_ip   fr_mip; /* mask structure */

             u_char  fr_tcpfm;       /* tcp flags mask */
             u_char  fr_tcpf;        /* tcp flags */

             u_short fr_icmpm;       /* data for ICMP packets (mask) */
             u_short fr_icmp;

             u_char  fr_scmp;        /* data for port comparisons */
             u_char  fr_dcmp;
             u_short fr_dport;
             u_short fr_sport;
             u_short fr_stop;        /* top port for <> and >< */
             u_short fr_dtop;        /* top port for <> and >< */
             u_32_t  fr_flags;       /* per-rule flags && options (see below) */
             u_short fr_skip;        /* # of rules to skip */
             u_short fr_loglevel;    /* syslog log facility + priority */
             int     (*fr_func) __P((int, ip_t *, fr_info_t *));
             char    fr_icode;       /* return ICMP code */
             char    fr_ifname[IFNAMSIZ];
     #if BSD > 199306
             char    fr_oifname[IFNAMSIZ];
     #endif
             struct  frdest  fr_tif; /* "to" interface */
             struct  frdest  fr_dif; /* duplicate packet interfaces */
     } frentry_t;

     When adding a new rule, all unused  fields  (in  the  filter
     rule)  should  be initialised to be zero.  To insert a rule,
     at a particular position in the filter list, the  number  of
     the  rule  which  it is to be inserted before must be put in
     the "fr_hits" field (the first rule is number 0).
     Flags which are recognised in fr_flags:

          FR_BLOCK        0x000001   /* do not allow packet to pass */
          FR_PASS         0x000002   /* allow packet to pass */
          FR_OUTQUE       0x000004   /* outgoing packets */
          FR_INQUE        0x000008   /* ingoing packets */
          FR_LOG          0x000010   /* Log */
          FR_LOGB         0x000011   /* Log-fail */
          FR_LOGP         0x000012   /* Log-pass */
          FR_LOGBODY      0x000020   /* log the body of packets too */
          FR_LOGFIRST     0x000040   /* log only the first packet to match */
          FR_RETRST       0x000080   /* return a TCP RST packet if blocked */
          FR_RETICMP      0x000100   /* return an ICMP packet if blocked */
          FR_FAKEICMP     0x00180    /* Return ICMP unreachable with fake source */
          FR_NOMATCH      0x000200   /* no match occured */
          FR_ACCOUNT      0x000400   /* count packet bytes */
          FR_KEEPFRAG     0x000800   /* keep fragment information */
          FR_KEEPSTATE    0x001000   /* keep `connection' state information */
          FR_INACTIVE     0x002000
          FR_QUICK        0x004000   /* match & stop processing list */
          FR_FASTROUTE    0x008000   /* bypass normal routing */
          FR_CALLNOW      0x010000   /* call another function (fr_func) if matches */
          FR_DUP          0x020000   /* duplicate the packet */
          FR_LOGORBLOCK   0x040000   /* block the packet if it can't be logged */
          FR_NOTSRCIP     0x080000   /* not the src IP# */
          FR_NOTDSTIP     0x100000   /* not the dst IP# */
          FR_AUTH         0x200000   /* use authentication */
          FR_PREAUTH      0x400000   /* require preauthentication */

     Values for fr_scomp and  fr_dcomp  (source  and  destination
     port value comparisons) :

          FR_NONE         0
          FR_EQUAL        1
          FR_NEQUAL       2
          FR_LESST        3
          FR_GREATERT     4
          FR_LESSTE       5
          FR_GREATERTE    6
          FR_OUTRANGE     7
          FR_INRANGE      8

     The third ioctl, SIOCIPFFL, flushes either the input  filter
     list,  the  output  filter  list  or both and it returns the
     number of filters removed  from  the  list(s).   The  values
     which  it will take and recognise are FR_INQUE and FR_OUTQUE
     (see  above).   This   ioctl   is   also   implemented   for
     /dev/ipstate  and  will  flush  all  state tables entries if
     passed 0 or just all those  which  are  not  established  if
     passed 1.

     General Logging Flags
     There are two flags which can be set to log packets indepen-
     dently of the rules used.  These allow for packets which are
     either  passed  or  blocked  to  be  logged.   To  set  (and
     clear)/get these flags, two ioctls are provided:

     SIOCSETFF       Takes an unsigned integer as the  parameter.
                     The  flags  are  then  set to those provided
                     (clearing/setting all in one).

                          FF_LOGPASS     0x10000000
                          FF_LOGBLOCK    0x20000000
                          FF_LOGNOMATCH  0x40000000
                          FF_BLOCKNONIP  0x80000000    /* Solaris 2.x only */

     SIOCGETFF       Takes a pointer to an  unsigned  integer  as
                     the   parameter.    A   copy  of  the  flags
                     currently in used is copied to user space.

     Filter statistics
     Statistics on the various operations performed by this pack-
     age  on packets is kept inside the kernel.  These statistics
     apply to packets traversing through the kernel.  To retrieve
     this structure, use this ioctl:

          ioctl(fd, SIOCGETFS, struct friostat *)

     struct  friostat        {
             struct  filterstats     f_st[2];
             struct  frentry         *f_fin[2];
             struct  frentry         *f_fout[2];
             struct  frentry         *f_acctin[2];
             struct  frentry         *f_acctout[2];
             struct  frentry         *f_auth;
             u_long  f_froute[2];
             int     f_active;       /* 1 or 0 - active rule set */
             int     f_defpass;      /* default pass - from fr_pass */
             int     f_running;      /* 1 if running, else 0 */
             int     f_logging;      /* 1 if enabled, else 0 */
             char    f_version[32];  /* version string */
     };

     struct    filterstats {
             u_long  fr_pass;        /* packets allowed */
             u_long  fr_block;       /* packets denied */
             u_long  fr_nom;         /* packets which don't match any rule */
             u_long  fr_ppkl;        /* packets allowed and logged */
             u_long  fr_bpkl;        /* packets denied and logged */
             u_long  fr_npkl;        /* packets unmatched and logged */
             u_long  fr_pkl;         /* packets logged */
             u_long  fr_skip;        /* packets to be logged but buffer full */
             u_long  fr_ret;         /* packets for which a return is sent */
             u_long  fr_acct;        /* packets for which counting was performed */
             u_long  fr_bnfr;        /* bad attempts to allocate fragment state */
             u_long  fr_nfr;         /* new fragment state kept */
             u_long  fr_cfr;         /* add new fragment state but complete pkt */
             u_long  fr_bads;        /* bad attempts to allocate packet state */
             u_long  fr_ads;         /* new packet state kept */
             u_long  fr_chit;        /* cached hit */
             u_long  fr_pull[2];     /* good and bad pullup attempts */
     #if SOLARIS
             u_long  fr_notdata;     /* PROTO/PCPROTO that have no data */
             u_long  fr_nodata;      /* mblks that have no data */
             u_long  fr_bad;         /* bad IP packets to the filter */
             u_long  fr_notip;       /* packets passed through no on ip queue */
             u_long  fr_drop;        /* packets dropped - no info for them! */
     #endif
     };
     If we wanted to retrieve all the statistics  and  reset  the
     counters  back  to 0, then the ioctl() call would be made to
     SIOCFRZST rather than SIOCGETFS.  In addition to the statis-
     tics  above,  each  rule  keeps  a  hit count, counting both
     number of packets and bytes.  To reset these counters for  a
     rule,  load  the  various  rule  information  into a frentry
     structure and call SIOCZRLST.

     Swapping Active lists
     IP Filter supports two lists  of  rules  for  filtering  and
     accounting:  an  active  list  and  an  inactive list.  This
     allows for large scale rule base changes to be put in  place
     atomically  with  otherwise  minimal interruption.  Which of
     the two is active can be changed using the SIOCSWAPA  ioctl.
     It  is  important  to note that no passed argument is recog-
     nised and that the value returned is that of the list  which
     is now inactive.


FILES

     /dev/ipauth
     /dev/ipl
     /dev/ipnat
     /dev/ipstate


SEE ALSO

     ipl(SFF), ipnat(SFF), ipf(M), ipf(ADMN), ipfstat(TC)


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