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A.4.1 How to Reset the Root Password
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If you have never set a `root' password for MySQL, the server will not
require a password at all for connecting as `root'. However, it is
recommended to set a password for each account. Security
guidelines.
If you set a `root' password previously, but have forgotten what it
was, you can set a new password. The following procedure is for Windows
systems. The procedure for Unix systems is given later in this section.
The procedure under Windows:
1. Log on to your system as Administrator.
2. Stop the MySQL server if it is running. For a server that is
running as a Windows service, go to the Services manager:
Start Menu -> Control Panel -> Administrative Tools -> Services
Then find the MySQL service in the list, and stop it.
If your server is not running as a service, you may need to use
the Task Manager to force it to stop.
3. Open a console window to get to the DOS command prompt:
Start Menu -> Run -> cmd
4. We are assuming that you installed MySQL to `C:\mysql'. If you
installed MySQL to another location, adjust the following commands
accordingly.
At the DOS command prompt, execute this command:
C:\> C:\mysql\bin\mysqld-nt --skip-grant-tables
This starts the server in a special mode that does not check the
grant tables to control access.
5. Keeping the first console window open, open a second console
window and execute the following commands (type each on a single
line):
C:\> C:\mysql\bin\mysqladmin -u root
flush-privileges password "NEWPWD"
C:\> C:\mysql\bin\mysqladmin -u root -p shutdown
Replace "NEWPWD" with the actual `root' password that you want to
use. The second command will prompt you to enter the new password
for access. Enter the password that you assigned in the first
command.
6. Stop the MySQL server, then restart it in normal mode again. If
you run the server as a service, start it from the Windows Services
window. If you start the server manually, use whatever command you
normally use.
7. You should be able to connect using the new password.
In a Unix environment, the procedure for resetting the `root' password
is as follows:
1. Log on to your system as either the Unix `root' user or as the
same user that the `mysqld' server runs as.
2. Locate the `.pid' file that contains the server's process ID. The
exact location and name of this file depend on your distribution,
hostname, and configuration. Common locations are
`/var/lib/mysql/', `/var/run/mysqld/', and
`/usr/local/mysql/data/'. Generally, the filename has the
extension of `.pid' and begins with either `mysqld' or your
system's hostname.
You can stop the MySQL server by sending a normal `kill' (not
`kill -9') to the `mysqld' process, using the pathname of the
`.pid' file in the following command:
shell> kill `cat /mysql-data-directory/host_name.pid`
Note the use of backticks rather than forward quotes with the `cat'
command; these cause the output of `cat' to be substituted into
the `kill' command.
3. Restart the MySQL server with the special `--skip-grant-tables'
option:
shell> mysqld_safe --skip-grant-tables &
4. Set a new password for the `root@localhost' MySQL account:
shell> mysqladmin -u root flush-privileges password "NEWPWD"
Replace "NEWPWD" with the actual `root' password that you want to
use.
5. You should be able to connect using the new password.
Alternatively, on any platform, you can set the new password using the
`mysql' client:
1. Stop `mysqld' and restart it with the `--skip-grant-tables' option
as described earlier.
2. Connect to the `mysqld' server with this command:
shell> mysql -u root
3. Issue the following statements in the `mysql' client:
mysql> UPDATE mysql.user SET Password=PASSWORD('NEWPWD')
-> WHERE User='root';
mysql> FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
Replace "NEWPWD" with the actual `root' password that you want to
use.
4. You should be able to connect using the new password.
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