(mysql.info.gz) Charset-column

 
 10.3.4 Column Character Set and Collation
 -----------------------------------------
 
 Every "character" column (that is, a column of type `CHAR', `VARCHAR',
 or `TEXT') has a column character set and a column collation, which may
 not be null. Column definition syntax has optional clauses for
 specifying the column character set and collation:
 
      COL_NAME {CHAR | VARCHAR | TEXT} (COL_LENGTH)
          [CHARACTER SET CHARSET_NAME [COLLATE COLLATION_NAME]]
 
 Example:
 
      CREATE TABLE Table1
      (
          column1 VARCHAR(5) CHARACTER SET latin1 COLLATE latin1_german1_ci
      );
 
 MySQL chooses the column character set and collation thus:
 
    * If both `CHARACTER SET X' and `COLLATE Y' were specified, then
      character set X and collation Y.
 
    * If `CHARACTER SET X' was specified without `COLLATE', then
      character set `X' and its default collation.
 
    * Otherwise, the table character set and collation.
 
 
 The `CHARACTER SET' and `COLLATE' clauses are standard SQL.

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