(bash.info) ANSI-C Quoting

 
 3.1.2.4 ANSI-C Quoting
 ......................
 
 Words of the form `$'STRING'' are treated specially.  The word expands
 to STRING, with backslash-escaped characters replaced as specified by
 the ANSI C standard.  Backslash escape sequences, if present, are
 decoded as follows:
 
 `\a'
      alert (bell)
 
 `\b'
      backspace
 
 `\e'
 `\E'
      an escape character (not ANSI C)
 
 `\f'
      form feed
 
 `\n'
      newline
 
 `\r'
      carriage return
 
 `\t'
      horizontal tab
 
 `\v'
      vertical tab
 
 `\\'
      backslash
 
 `\''
      single quote
 
 `\"'
      double quote
 
 `\NNN'
      the eight-bit character whose value is the octal value NNN (one to
      three digits)
 
 `\xHH'
      the eight-bit character whose value is the hexadecimal value HH
      (one or two hex digits)
 
 `\uHHHH'
      the Unicode (ISO/IEC 10646) character whose value is the
      hexadecimal value HHHH (one to four hex digits)
 
 `\UHHHHHHHH'
      the Unicode (ISO/IEC 10646) character whose value is the
      hexadecimal value HHHHHHHH (one to eight hex digits)
 
 `\cX'
      a control-X character
 
 The expanded result is single-quoted, as if the dollar sign had not
 been present.

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(bash.info) Double Quotes

(bash.info) Quoting

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